What determines a person's social status

Determination of social status

Social status is a person’s position in society or a separate subsystem of society.
Social status can be determined by characteristics specific to a particular society, for example, economic, national, age, etc. Social status is divided according to skills, abilities, and education.

This concept exists only in the process of comparing the position of one person with others. It shows a certain place in the hierarchical ladder, reflecting the organization of the social structure. High status makes it possible to influence the course of social and historical development, enjoy privileges, and special location.

Social status criteria:

1. Own;
2. Income level;
3. Lifestyle;
4. Relations between people in the system of social division of labor;
5. Distribution relations;
6. Consumption relations;
7. The place of a person in the hierarchy of the political system;
8. The level of education;
9. Ethnic origin.

Social stratification

Social stratification describes how people are placed or "stratified" in society. It is concerned with the ability of people to live up to a particular set of ideals or principles that are considered important to a society or subculture within it. Members of a social group interact primarily within their own group and to a lesser extent with those of higher or lower status in the recognized system of social stratification. Some of the most common bases for such stratification include:

Groups:

• Wealth/income (most common): connections between people with the same personal income.
• Gender: bonds between individuals of the same gender and sexual orientation.
• Political status: Connections between people of the same political view/status.
• Religion: bonds between people of the same religion.
• Race/ethnicity: bonds between people of the same ethnic/racial group.
• Social class: ties between people born in the same economic group.
• Coolness: Connections between people who have the same level of popularity.

Types of social statuses

Social status is an inexhaustible human resource that gives a person the opportunity to influence society and receive special positions in the system of power and distribution of material wealth. Each person occupies a number of positions in society, each of which carries certain rights and responsibilities.

Most often, a person has not one, but several social statuses.

There are the following types of social statuses:

1. Determined by the position of the individual in the group - personal and social.

   Personal status is the position a person occupies in a small group, depending on the assessment of his individual qualities.

   On the other hand, in the process of interaction with other individuals, each person performs certain social functions that determine his social status .

2. They are determined by the time frame, the impact on the life of the individual as a whole - main and non-main (episodic).

   The main status determines the main thing in a person’s life (most often associated with the main place of work and family, for example, a good family man and an irreplaceable worker).

   Episodic status affects the details of human behavior (pedestrian, passenger, patient, reader, listener).

3. Acquired as a result of free choice or not.

   Prescribed status is a social position that is pre-prescribed to an individual by society, regardless of merit (nationality, place of birth, social origin).

   Achieved (acquired) is acquired as a result of free choice, personal effort and is under the control of a person (education, profession, material wealth).

   Mixed status has the features of a prescribed and achieved status (a person who has become disabled, the title of Olympic champion).

What are there

Any person has several social statuses. All characteristics form a single image of an individual. The main thing remains the position that gives a person power and depends on his wealth and financial well-being.

The social status that a person is born with is called innate, and determined by family ties is called ascribed. They do not depend on a person’s actions and will appear to him in any case.

Due to differences in birth status, people have different rights, which determines inequality in society, dividing it into classes. Often this affects a person’s adaptability to the surrounding reality, his skills and desire to achieve his goals. People with higher inherent and ascribed status tend to be better off in life. But this does not negate perseverance, hard work and talent, which can change one’s position in the social hierarchy. Skills and abilities acquired through one's own labor are valued more than wealth or manners attributed to family ties.

Innate, assigned and achieved are the main types into which social statuses are usually divided.

The main indicators that determine the place and role in society are:

• Position held: director or leading specialist, head of department, chief accountant;
• Received rank. In the creative profession, this is an Honored or People's Artist. In the service, achievements are determined by military rank: lieutenant or lieutenant colonel. Public sector workers are also noted, for example, an honored teacher;
• Academic degree, for example, bachelor, master, candidate or doctor of science.

master

Note! Status obtained as a result of an individual's merit is considered acquired or achieved. It was created through our own efforts and is a reward for work. The main thing is to set a goal and go towards it, then the acquired status will make you forget about the position assigned to a person from birth.

A person always has unstable statuses, depending on his role in life and circumstances:

• he can be a husband and father of children;
• act as a witness or spectator;
• be a patient or a doctor.

These are all temporary social statuses that are not related to the main thing. Small social groups and an individual’s close circle endow him with certain qualities, creating personal status. It reflects an opinion formed about a person, depending on behavior. There is a concept of group social status, which presupposes belonging to a profession or a nation.

Elderly people are also considered a separate social group. Meanwhile, the status of pensioners varies. It depends on the benefit received, and it, in turn, is determined by the level of income and length of service. High social status is required to ensure a decent income in old age.

Examples of social statuses

Let's look at examples of each type of social status.

The most important status inherent in all people is human. It is so general and vague that it is rarely even considered.

Examples of innate statuses: nationality, citizenship. Gender also gives a certain social status and role (daughter or son, grandson, orphan).

A person can influence acquired statuses by his choice. For example, family roles are expanding - once strangers become husband and wife when creating a new family, and their relatives acquire new social statuses (mother-in-law, sister-in-law, sister-in-law, godfather).

Occasional statuses: strike participants, cinema or cafe visitors, taxi or train passenger. These statuses can be repeated in the life of one person or changed to other statuses.

The achieved statuses relate to professional and status positions: profession (doctor, lawyer, geologist), position held (president, manager), life position (downshifter, tramp). The social statuses achieved include categories such as thieves, murderers, and people without a fixed place of residence. This is the other side of the coin, which reflects incorrect efforts or lack of desire for development.

Any manifestation of social status cannot always meet the expectations of society, maintain both behavioral line and external conformity.

Social position in society. socially dangerous situation

Social status is the status of a person, determined by his origin, position, economic level, and gender. Thus, an individual can be assigned to a class.

Info

A person's social status is divided into several levels. Let's look at them all. Birth status is a certain status received by a person at birth.

Attention

For example, this could be race, gender or nationality. The innate status remains with a person throughout his life, that is, it does not change.

However, there are some exceptions. For example, the status of a member of the royal family, which is given at birth, can be revoked at the end of the monarchy. The acquired social position is characterized by mobility. This is a position, post, financial level achieved through one’s own efforts. For example, a person from a poor family opens his own business and creates capital for himself.

How to improve your social status

Social status is not permanent or natural. A person may have a desire to increase it.

There are always more prestigious professions, places of residence, and higher earnings. True, there are categories that a person cannot influence - for example, change biological parents or nationality. But most things can be changed and improve your social status.

Motivation and ambition contribute to increasing social status. If you do not strive to improve your life and choose the best, then progress will not happen. This applies to everything from choosing a job to building relationships.

An increase in social status is always associated with quick and adequate adaptation to changed conditions, and the faster this happens, the greater the chances of gaining a foothold on what has been achieved.

Social status

In the right field of the questionnaire there are explanations of the questions in Russian: by hovering your mouse cursor over the text, you will see the translation. Mother's first name, date of birth. Mother's education, mob. The social status of the child in the questionnaire is a characteristic that reflects the adaptability of the family to raising the child at the moment.

Social status of the family in the questionnaire Social status in the questionnaire, what to write Gorokhova Elena Vladimirovna - Social status in the questionnaire, what to write The autobiography is compiled in any form, but certain elements and details must be present in it.

Social status and role

Every society has a certain hierarchy of statuses, which represents the basis of its stratification. This means that certain statuses are considered prestigious, while others are not. This hierarchy is formed under the influence of two factors:

• the real usefulness of the social functions that a person performs;
• value system that is characteristic of society.

If the prestige of status is unreasonably overestimated or, conversely, underestimated, then a loss of balance of statuses is possible. A society in which there is a similar tendency to lose this balance is unable to ensure normal functioning. It is important to distinguish between prestige and authority.

Prestige is society’s assessment of the social significance of a particular status, which is enshrined in culture and public opinion.

Authority is the degree to which society recognizes the dignity of a particular person.

The social status of an individual can influence a person's behavior. Knowing the social status of a person, you can determine some of the qualities that he possesses, as well as predict the actions that he can perform. This expected behavior of a person, which is associated with his status, is usually called a social role.

A social role is a pattern of behavior that is recognized for people of contractual status in a particular society.

In other words, social status is a position, and a role is a pattern of behavior that is associated with status.

How to write a term paper on speech therapy

07.09.2010 228862

These guidelines are compiled to help students gain an understanding of the content and structure of coursework in speech therapy.

Logopedia of pedagogical science that studies anomalies of speech development with normal hearing, explores the manifestations, nature and mechanisms of speech disorders, develops the scientific basis for overcoming and preventing them means of special training and education.

The subject of speech therapy as a science is speech disorders and the process of training and education of persons with speech disorders.

The object of study is a person suffering from a speech disorder.

The main task of speech therapy as a science is the study, prevention and elimination of various types of speech disorders.

Coursework in speech therapy is a student's scientific and experimental research. This type of educational activity, provided for by the educational and professional program and curriculum, contributes to the acquisition of skills in working with literature, analyzing and summarizing literary sources in order to determine the range of insufficiently studied problems, determining the content and methods of experimental research, processing skills and qualitative analysis of the results obtained. The need to complete coursework in speech therapy is due to the updating of knowledge concerning the content, organization, principles, methods and techniques of speech therapy work.

As a rule, during their studies, students must write two term papers - theoretical and practical.

The first course work should be devoted to the analysis and synthesis of general and specialized literature on the chosen topic. Based on this analysis, it is necessary to justify and develop a method of ascertaining (diagnostic) experiment.

In the second course work, it is necessary to provide an analysis of the results obtained during the ascertaining experiment, as well as determine the directions and content of speech therapy work, and select adequate methods and techniques of correction.

So, let’s present the general requirements for the content and design of coursework in speech therapy.

The initial and most important stage of working on a course project is the choice of a topic, which is either proposed by the supervisor or chosen by the student independently from a list of topics that are consistent with the areas of scientific research of the department.

Each topic can be modified, considered in different aspects, but taking into account a theoretical and practical approach. Having chosen a topic, the student needs to think through in detail its specific content, areas of work, practical material, etc., which should be reflected both in the formulation of the topic and in the further construction of the study. It should be recalled that the chosen topic may not only have a purely theoretical orientation, for example: “Dysarthria. Characteristics of the defect”, “Classification of dysgraphia”, but also take into account the practical significance of the problem under consideration, for example: “Speech therapy work on speech correction for dysarthria”. It should also be taken into account that when formulating a topic, excessive detail should be avoided, for example: “Formation of prosodic components of speech in preschoolers of the sixth year of life attending a preschool institution for children with severe speech impairments.”

The course work includes such mandatory parts as: introduction, three chapters, conclusion, bibliography and appendix.

The text of the term paper begins with the title page . An example of its design can be seen here.

Then the content of the work is given, in which the names of chapters, paragraphs, and sections are formulated in strict accordance with the content of the thesis. An example of its design can be seen here.

In the text, each subsequent chapter and paragraph begins on a new page. At the end of each chapter, the materials are summarized and conclusions are formulated.

The introduction reveals the relevance of the problem under consideration in general and the topic being studied in particular; the problem, subject, object, and purpose of the study are defined. In accordance with the goal and hypothesis, objectives and a set of research methods aimed at achieving the objectives must be defined.

The relevance of the topic lies in reflecting the current level of pedagogical science and practice, meeting the requirements of novelty and usefulness.

When defining the research problem, it is important to indicate what practical tasks it will help to implement in training and educating people with speech pathology.

The object of research is understood as certain aspects of pedagogical reality, perceived through a system of theoretical and practical knowledge. The ultimate goal of any research is to improve this object.

The subject of research is some part, property, element of an object, i.e. the subject of research always indicates a specific aspect of the object that is to be studied and about which the researcher wants to gain new knowledge. An object is a part of an object.

You can give an example of the formulation of the object, subject and problem of research:

– The object of the study is the speech activity of preschool children with phonetic-phonemic speech disorders.

– The subject of the study is the features of intonation speech of children with phonetic-phonemic speech disorders.

– The research problem is to determine effective directions for speech therapy work on the formation of intonation expressiveness of speech in the system of correctional intervention.

The purpose of the study contributes to the specification of the object being studied. The goal of any research is to solve a specific problem. The goal is specified in tasks taking into account the subject of research.

The research objectives are formulated in a certain sequence, which determines the logic of the research. The research objectives are set on the basis of a theoretical analysis of the problem and an assessment of the state of its solution in practice.

The first chapter is an analysis of literary sources, which examines the state of this problem in historical and modern aspects, and presents the most important theoretical principles that formed the basis of the study.

When writing the first chapter, you should pay attention to the fact that the text of the course work must be written in a scientific style. When presenting scientific material, it is necessary to comply with the following requirements:

– Specificity – a review of only those sources that are necessary to disclose only a given topic or solve only a given problem;

– Clarity – which is characterized by semantic coherence and integrity of individual parts of the text;

– Logicality – which provides for a certain structure of presentation of the material;

– Reasoning – evidence of thoughts (why this and not otherwise);

– Precision of wording, excluding ambiguous interpretation of the authors’ statements.

A literary review of the state of the problem being studied should not be reduced to a consistent presentation of literary sources. It should present a generalized description of the literature: highlight the main directions (currents, concepts, points of view), analyze in detail and evaluate the most fundamental works of representatives of these directions.

When writing a work, the student must correctly use literary materials, make references to the authors and sources from which the results of scientific research are borrowed. Failure to provide required references will reduce your coursework grade.

As a rule, in coursework on speech therapy, references to literary sources are formatted as follows: the number of the cited source in the general list of references is placed in square brackets. For example: General speech underdevelopment is a speech pathology in which there is a persistent lag in the formation of all components of the language system: phonetics, vocabulary and grammar [17].

When using quotations, in square brackets, in addition to indicating the source number, the page number from which this excerpt is taken is indicated, for example: Speech rhythm is based on a physiological and intellectual basis, since, firstly, it is directly related to the rhythm of breathing. Secondly, being an element that performs a communicative function, “correlates with meaning, i.e. controlled intellectually” [23, P.40].

However, course work should not be of a purely abstract nature, so you should not abuse the unreasonable abundance of citations. Quoting should be logically justified, convincing and used only when really necessary.

In the second chapter , devoted to experimental research, the organization should be described and the program of the ascertaining experiment should be presented. The survey methodology, as a rule, consists of a description of several series of tasks, with detailed instructions, visual and lexical material, the procedure for completing tasks by experiment participants, and scoring criteria. This chapter also provides a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the results obtained.

When analyzing the results of an experiment, it is necessary to use a scoring system. Examples of various criteria for quantitative and qualitative assessment are presented in the following works:

– Glukhov V.P. Formation of coherent speech in preschool children with general speech underdevelopment. - M.: Arkti, 2002. - 144 p.

– Fotekova T.A. Test methodology for diagnosing oral speech of primary schoolchildren. - M.: Arkti, 2000. - 56 p.

– Levchenko I.Yu. Pathopsychology: Theory and practice. - M.: Academy, 2000. - 232 p.

In order to visually present the results obtained during the experimental study, it is recommended to use tables, graphs, diagrams, etc. Histograms can be used in a variety of ways - columnar, cylindrical, planar, volumetric, etc. An example of the design of tables, figures, and histograms can be found here.

The third chapter provides a rationale for the proposed methods and techniques and reveals the content of the main stages of correctional work.

The conclusion contains a summary of the material presented and the main conclusions formulated by the author.

The bibliography must contain at least 25 sources. The list includes bibliographic information about the sources used in preparing the work. An example of its design can be seen here.

In the application you can present bulky tables or illustrations, examination protocols, observation records, products of activity (drawings, written works of children), notes from speech therapy classes, etc.

The volume of one course work must be at least 30 pages of typewritten text.

In general, coursework in speech therapy is the basis for a future thesis, in which the study of the begun problem can be continued, but from the standpoint of a different approach or a comparative analysis of the disorders being studied in different age categories of people with different types of speech disorders.

The content and format of theses in speech therapy can be found here.

Literature:

1. How to write a term paper on speech therapy: Methodological recommendations. Educational and methodological manual / Comp. Artemova E.E., Tishina L.A. / Ed. Orlova O.S. – M.: MGOPU, 2008. – 35 p.

2. Research work of students in the system of higher professional pedagogical education (specialty 031800 - Speech therapy). Methodological recommendations for completing the thesis / Compiled by. L.V. Lopatina, V.I. Lipakova, G.G. Golubeva. - St. Petersburg: Publishing house of the Russian State Pedagogical University named after. A. I. Herzen, 2002. - 140 p.

Role conflict and its types

Role conflict is a situation in which a person is faced with the need to satisfy the demands of two or more incompatible roles.

Let's look at three types of role conflicts in the table.

Social status what is it in the questionnaire

Important

USZN of the Krasnoarmeysky municipal district, 2011-2018 Family category in the questionnaire, what to write in the Other household affairs section, they answered the question They gave the questionnaire, and there is a column “Social status of the family.” How is that in general? asked by the author Vanyok Golovanov the best answer is Full, part-time, large. Social status is a complex concept. This includes: composition, income, living conditions, educational status of family members (which itself consists of...

), belonging to a certain social group (it can also be determined by the above. Social status of a family - what is it? Social status of a family: examples These criteria can be used to assess the social status of each individual or all together. Depends on the purpose of the analysis. How is status determined In general, social status is quite difficult to clearly define.You need to use a number of methods that can only be used by an experienced worker.

History of social statuses in Russia

In the Russian Empire, social statuses were fixed in documents and indicated as “rank.” Here are some of them:

• peasant,
• tradesman,
• personal honorary citizen,
• hereditary honorary citizen,
• personal nobleman,
• hereditary nobleman.

In the Soviet Union, social statuses were fixed in documents about:

• peasant (residents of rural settlements who are engaged in agriculture, without education);
• worker (no education);
• employee (higher education or certificate from a technical school).

When entering a job (service), they filled out a personal personnel registration form, which included a column for “social origin.” Usually this column was filled out like this: “from peasants”, “from workers”, “from employees”. As a rule, the social status of the head of the family was indicated.

Social origin what to write in the application form?

• Social status in the questionnaire, what to write
• Determining family status

• Determining family status

• Family category in the application form, what to write

• family category in the application form what to write

• Social status of the family - what is it?
  Family social status: examples
• What is social status in the questionnaire
• Social status of the child in the questionnaire, what to write
• Family social status in the questionnaire

• Family social status in the questionnaire

• Social status in the questionnaire, what to write
• Gorokhova Elena Vladimirovna -
• Social status in the questionnaire, what to write
• How to write about your financial situation, earnings, income, security
• Social status of the family and its functions

Social status in the questionnaire, what to write Rutkovskaya // Satsyalna-pedagogic work. – 2007.

Family status

The peculiarities of the financial situation are that the family budget is formed by working family members, and is spent on all its members, including children, of course. There is a certain minimum living wage, which is calculated by the state as an amount sufficient to feed 1 person for a year.

The problem of adaptation of families in society is extremely acute for sociologists who study this issue. One of the main factors in the socialization of a married couple is the social status of the family.

Social assistance and its types

State social assistance can be considered in a broad and narrow sense. In broad terms, it means all cash payments to various categories of citizens who need it most at the present time. This includes all social benefits and payments enshrined in the legislation of the Russian Federation. Social assistance in a narrow sense is defined in the federal law called “On State Social Assistance.” It refers to various payments (compensations, subsidies, benefits), as well as the provision of vital goods.

The current economic situation suggests the need to implement a more effective social policy, solve the most pressing social problems, and develop new mechanisms aimed at implementing social policy that would ensure a more rational use of material and financial resources.

Social and financial status types

The family structure takes into account: the number of family members (which determines the type of family - nuclear or large), their family ties (parents, parents and children, brothers and sisters), the nature of relationships in subsystems, the boundaries of relationships (problems of proximity and distance between family members, specifics of family rules and norms, emotional climate); relationships between family members and the family as a system with other members of the “big” family (grandparents, cousins, etc.), relationships between the family as a system and close friends.

It is well known that the family is a unique social creation of humanity. In fact, this phenomenon is the first type of communication between people. At the same time, the family social system has the features of a social institution and at the same time a small social group.

Financial situation of young people

Noting positive changes in the self-identification of young people according to the level of their financial situation, one should take into account the peculiarities of the formation of social strata in modern Russian society. The concepts of average and above average wealth, as well as the concept of the middle class, have their own specifics and are practically not comparable with similar strata and the structure of opportunities for similar strata in economically developed societies. This conclusion is confirmed by a comparison of self-identification by standard of living with self-assessment of the frequency of material difficulties experienced, as discussed above. The unsatisfactory financial situation of young people, the gap between rising prices and incomes, which gives rise to contradictions in social status, is evidenced by the following fact: in 2021, young people rated their financial status higher, but at the same time the share of those in need among them also increased. These contradictions are of an institutional nature and are associated with the consequences of the deep economic crisis that have not yet been overcome.

This is interesting: Travel documents for a labor veteran of the Perm region in 2021

The level of financial situation of young people is reflected in their subjective feelings of self. Subjective assessments of financial situation are manifested in the correlation of oneself with various income groups. This indicator is one of the most unstable. It depends both on real changes in the income of young people and on individual perceptions of well-being. For example, in the 1990s. A wide layer of poor and low-income youth was formed, to whom only essential products and some durable household items were available. At the same time, a small middle layer of young people gradually emerged, which by the end of the 1990s. accounted for approximately 15% of all youth and about 3% of rich youth. The August 1998 default significantly undermined the position of the emerging middle class, reducing its youth component by half. Further policies of socio-economic stabilization had a positive impact on this indicator. As a result, the proportion of young people who feel destitute, poor and low-income has decreased. At the same time, the number of young people with average and above average income has increased. The share of wealthy young people remained at the same low level.

Types of financial assistance

The objects of management in the system of social protection of the population are institutions and organizations, labor and educational groups of this system, as well as relations between people. Subjects of management are bodies directly involved in the problems of social assistance to the population (ministries, committees, departments, administrations, departments of social protection of the population, labor collectives). The main function of bodies and institutions of social protection of the population is to improve the activities of its various structural elements, regulated by certain norms and controlled by social institutions to ensure the achievement of their goals.

Compulsory state social insurance is a means of compensation for social risk and a means of social redistribution, taking into account the principle of social justice. This is one of the types of state material support for the population in the event of disability due to illness and in other cases provided for by law.

This is interesting: I received a letter from the court about debt repayment