Fear of the escalator in the subway: treatment, what is the name of the phobia of fear

Statistics say that approximately 5–10% of the world's population suffer from various phobias. Any object that we encounter in life can be the cause of a phobia. These could be insects, dogs, snakes, spiders, mice, germs, heights, darkness, fear of leaving your home, elevators, escalators, etc.

The fear of escalators is called escalophobia and refers to specific phobias, such as fear of heights, elevators, flying, etc.

This is an uncontrollable fear of a specific object or situation. This phobia is less common than others, but it darkens the lives of many people. And although patients understand the absurdity of their fear, they cannot cope with it on their own. Here you need the help of specialists.

Fear of escalators - escalophobia

Symptoms

The main symptom of a phobia is a panicky fear of taking a step on a moving step. A person tries by any means to avoid riding an escalator. A person suffering from a phobia reacts inappropriately to the escalator, his behavior becomes uncontrollable, and other symptoms may also appear, such as:

labored breathing;
heavy sweating;
tension and trembling in the body;
horror, desire to run away;
cardiopalmus;
feeling of “cotton legs”, numbness;
abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting;
dizziness or fainting;
convulsions;
chills;
darkening of the eyes;
the person does not understand where he is.

It is not necessary that all of these symptoms appear together; only a few may be present.

How does metrophobia manifest: clinical signs

Pathological fear of the subway manifests itself in two groups of symptoms: avoidance behavior and panic attacks.

Avoidant behavior is a pattern of human actions and behavior in which a sick person makes efforts to avoid the possibility of a collision with an object of fear. In a situation with metrophobia, a person simply does not use the services of the metro. He develops travel routes that do not involve the need to go down into the subway. It filters events and rejects those whose venue requires a trip in underground transport.

Another symptom of metrophobia is the occurrence of an attack of intense, all-consuming fear during the period of anticipation of a trip on the metro or while directly on the territory of the station. As soon as she steps onto the escalator, the sick person develops a panic attack. A person’s legs give way and become “filled with lead,” so he cannot take a step, freezing in place. His hands are shaking and his palms are covered in cold sweat. The head becomes heavy, tinnitus occurs, and black dots “fly” before the eyes. He feels that he does not have enough oxygen, so he begins to take frequent deep breaths. The heart rate increases, and the heart beats irregularly. A person with metrophobia may feel the ground disappear from under his feet and he loses consciousness.

Even a single experience of the symptoms of panic attacks forces a person to be on “full alert.” He is in constant psycho-emotional tension and cannot relax. His thoughts are focused only on thinking about the danger of the subway. He cannot concentrate on the task at hand. It is difficult for him to understand the words of his interlocutor; he cannot find the right words to express his thoughts. With metrophobia, thinking resembles “mental chewing gum,” when a person thinks only about the subway and does not react to environmental signals.

Causes

There are many different hypotheses regarding the causes of fear. Among them, scientists identify the most common:

A stressful situation in the past that you participated in or witnessed.
Perhaps, once upon a time, you saw an accident or had an accident involving an escalator, and now, faced with the need to go up or down on this moving structure, you involuntarily remember the situation that frightened you and “try it on” for yourself. And you are sure that the escalator under you will certainly break, collapse, etc.

Consequences of unsafe escalator use

Strongly developed instinct of self-preservation. Many fears are based on a sense of self-preservation (fear of snakes, heights, darkness, etc.), which is not bad at all - sometimes it can save a life. But in people with weak psyches, such a feeling often develops into a phobia. A person experiences uncontrollable fear even in situations where there is no danger. In sensitive people, the fear of escalators, like a phobia, may appear after scary stories from friends or watching disaster films negatively associated with the subway and escalators. Just by looking at the escalator, the wild imagination of such people already paints a terrible picture, like in a movie, only they themselves are the main characters.
Burdened heredity. American scientists claim that if one of the parents suffers from a phobia, then the probability of the child’s illness is 25%, and if both, then 50%, although this is highly controversial.

Unfortunately, it can be difficult to understand the causes of fear and correctly assess the current situation on your own, so you need to contact a specialist.

The help of a psychiatrist may be required in the following situations:

The patient persistently avoids certain places and situations. In our case, a person categorically does not want to go down to the subway or travel on an escalator in shopping centers. If you are afraid of the escalator in the subway, you may not get to work on time.
A person tries to find any other means of transportation, but this takes a lot of time. Some people suffering from this phobia have problems finding employment - it is not always possible to find work near home.
Fear is unreasonable and very strong; it causes panic, which prevents a person from controlling his behavior. He understands that it is stupid to be afraid, but he cannot help himself, he behaves extremely inappropriately.
This condition lasts more than 6 months and causes severe discomfort.

If you notice these signs, don't be afraid to admit that there is a problem. Accepting and understanding the problem will make treatment easier.

Seek help from professionals

I'm afraid to go down the subway. What to do? Psychotherapist Natalya Rivkina says

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This is not the first time that terrorist attacks have occurred in the metro in Russia, and every time after the explosions, thousands of people face a completely understandable fear: they are afraid to use this type of transport - at least in the first days. Meduza learned from the head of the psychiatry department at the European Medical Center, Natalya Rivkina, how to behave in this situation.

Try to get information about the terrorist attack from decent, reliable sources.

In psychiatry there is such a concept - secondary trauma. It has been proven many years ago that people who receive information about tragic events from the media - especially if we are talking about detailed descriptions or images of the immediate consequences of the tragedy - experience the same level of stress on a physiological level as those who were at the epicenter of the incident . In order to protect people from this kind of effects, many countries have certain rules for the media on exactly how to cover terrorist attacks and other similar events.

One of the symptoms of secondary trauma is unmotivated anxiety during the day or panic attacks. This does not mean that you should avoid news about scary events, but you should try to get information from reliable sources, without overusing, for example, the tabloid press and social networks - especially for those who are prone to anxiety.

If possible, avoid taking the subway for a while.

For those who find it difficult to cope with severe anxiety when traveling on the subway, it is better to avoid them for some time, for example, in the first days, when the stress response is maximum. Because every time people experience such fear, people can be re-traumatized. So it would be good to just find some alternative ways to move around the city for a while - especially for those people who have anxiety with some physiological manifestations such as a rapid heartbeat, a feeling of shortness of breath, and so on.

You shouldn’t set yourself any strict deadlines: you can wait a few days and try to take the metro - if anxiety symptoms arise, you should allow yourself to refuse the trip. Fear is a physiological reaction. The will does not decide everything here. This is important to remember.

Try to switch your attention using headphones and use other techniques

If it is not possible to give up the metro, there is simple advice - you should try to be distracted during the trip. For example, listening to music or audiobooks on headphones helps some people. People with a certain mindset are helped by rational arguments - for example, the idea that terrorist attacks on the subway are rare and the likelihood of becoming a victim is very low. Others, paradoxically, are helped by accepting the idea that human life is fragile and very poorly protected.

Don't think that confronting the source of fear is the best way to overcome it.

There is a popular idea that a good way to overcome fear is to face its source. For example, if you are afraid to ride the subway, you need to force yourself to ride. Unfortunately, for biological and neurophysiological reasons, we can only reinforce fear in this way. In psychotherapy, so-called behavioral experiments are used - when, for example, a person with aerophobia is recommended to travel by plane. But in this case we are talking about patients receiving specialized psychotherapy who have internal resources and skills to overcome fear.

If you are prone to anxiety disorders and feel unwell, consult a specialist

People who are predisposed to anxiety disorders, as well as children and adolescents, often experience more severe symptoms of anxiety when they are stressed. If anxiety persists for a week or longer, it may be worth talking to a professional and getting additional psychotherapeutic support. You should not overuse the anti-anxiety medications that many people keep at home, because the main help when dealing with stress is psychotherapeutic, not medicinal. Especially when it comes to self-use. Now there are crisis centers and professionals specializing in this kind of help.

Treatment of phobia

A phobia can become uncontrollable, ruining a person’s life for a long time. How to get rid of the persistent fear of escalators? It is impossible to imagine large cities without a metro. The metro saves us time. This is an indispensable form of transport for most residents of megacities, therefore, it is not possible to avoid the escalator in the metro. The fear of going up or down an escalator undoubtedly makes life much more difficult.

To help yourself, you need to choose the right treatment.

What is metrophobia

People actively use underground transport, which has many advantages: speed of movement, absence of traffic jams, low cost of travel. Some people avoid the subway; their phobia reaches enormous proportions and causes uncontrollable panic. Even the idea of going down the subway is detrimental to their psyche. Fear of the subway can occur not only in children, but also in adults. Statistics show that the number of people suffering from metrophobia is increasing every year.

Metrophobia can be the result of the development of several phobias: it can be claustrophobia (fear of closed spaces) or thanatophobia (fear of premature death). The fear of riding the subway causes discomfort in susceptible people, forcing them to use only ground modes of transport.

Self-medication

If your fear of moving on an escalator does not entail panic attacks, you can try to overcome your fear on your own. To do this, you need to distract yourself from the subject of the phobia. Try to associate riding an escalator with something good and enjoyable for you. For example, you love sweets, and every time you step onto the escalator, allow yourself some candy or chocolate. Or, while standing on an escalator, look not at the feet of people moving towards you, but at the photographs of your loved ones. Thus, you will associate your trip on the subway with something pleasant for yourself.

Treatment

Once you understand the root cause of your fear of escalators, you can overcome it for good. If, for example, the underlying disease causes a phobia, then treatment solves the problem. People with a lack of balance or a fear of depth should hold someone's hand while riding an escalator. An optometrist may prescribe visual aids to correct vision problems that may cause escalaphobia. Looking straight up or at the side railings when moving up/down can help reduce dizziness. It's a good idea to take extra precautions, such as wearing the right clothes or shoes, to minimize the risk of getting caught in an escalator.

In all these cases, it is especially important to gradually get rid of fear. Slowly and in a controlled environment, a dangerous object can greatly help in overcoming the disease.

In extreme cases, a professional therapist can help relieve escalator anxiety. Some examples of such therapies are hypnotherapy, cognitive behavioral techniques, NLP, etc. Finally, you should also read all about the statistics associated with escalators. This will help you understand that escalators are generally safe when used correctly.

Phytotherapy

Herbal medicine is based on the use of various medicinal plants. Peppermint is used to produce essential oils that have a calming effect. It is better to use valerian, peony, hawthorn or motherwort in the form of alcohol tinctures, and it is better to brew lemon balm and oregano.

Sedative drug Novo-Passit

Combination herbal preparations based on herbs are available for sale, such as Novo-Passit, Afobazol, Persen. Medicines based on medicinal herbs are good because they have almost no side effects and are sold in pharmacies without a prescription. Their disadvantages: long-term use, cumulative effect, they will not help urgently. And also, do not forget that these are still medications, and they can become addictive, and the desire to enhance the effect will lead to an overdose. For example, hawthorn can cause a drop in blood pressure, and valerian can cause a slowdown in reactions and drowsiness. Read the instructions carefully.

Of course, these drugs do not cure, but they help to relax and reduce anxiety.

Causes of metrophobia

Phobias mainly haunt people with unstable psyches. The more excitable a person is emotionally, the higher the likelihood of illness. Time does not cure this disease, but only makes it worse. Many begin to suffer from it after terrorist attacks that occurred in the subway. This fear is justified by the fact that people feel defenseless, unable to leave the premises at a time of danger to their lives.

The main predisposition to metrophobia is a combination of certain character traits, such as suspiciousness and vulnerability. People focus their attention on negative events in their lives and experience tragedies that happen to them for a long time. This contingent is inclined to see the world in gray and black tones; they have little optimism, they are complex and indecisive.

The course of the disease is aggravated by thefts in the subway, which can be witnessed by people susceptible to metrophobia. They perceive what is happening quite acutely, which helps to strengthen the idea that riding the subway is unsafe.

Painful sensations that coincide with a trip on the subway: a hypertensive crisis, an attack of headache or a sharp jump in blood pressure accompanied by lightheadedness can give impetus to the development of a phobia. The rampant terrorism stimulates the imagination of passengers who are subject to fears; an exaggerated sense of self-preservation gives them pictures where they are victims, which subsequently deters them from using the subway.

The subway can make a person feel helpless

Medication

In the treatment of anxiety-phobic disorders, which include escalophobia, different groups of medications are used:

Antidepressants

Thanks to these drugs, anxiety and excessive emotional stress, apathy and lethargy are reduced. The advantage of antidepressants is that they are not addictive and do not require special prescriptions. But these drugs have their drawbacks: they are not fast-acting and cannot help in an emergency. There are also many side effects, such as tremors, gastrointestinal dysfunction, nausea, dry mouth, etc. The effect of the drugs is cumulative and occurs after about 5–10 days. You can buy such antidepressants without a prescription as: Maprotiline, Prozac, Paxil, Deprim, Mianserin, etc.

Beta blockers

The drugs block excess adrenaline. This hormone is produced when a person feels worried, worried or afraid. Beta blockers help control physiological symptoms such as trembling hands, legs or voice, excessive sweating and rapid heartbeat, but do not affect the emotional symptoms of anxiety. Beta blockers include Anaprilin, Bisoprolol, Atenolol, etc.

Tranquilizers

Indications for the use of tranquilizers are various anxiety conditions; tranquilizers are especially effective for eliminating acute stress (in this case they are taken in a short course). Unlike antidepressants, tranquilizers do not improve mood, but reduce the expression of emotions, both negative and positive. Due to the high likelihood of addiction, tranquilizers can be taken in short courses. This group of drugs includes: Phenazepam, Afobazol, Grandaxin, Rudotel, Phenibut, etc. In most cases, the withdrawal of tranquilizers is accompanied by an exacerbation or resumption of phobias. The effectiveness of tranquilizers was not as high as expected.

Medicines as prescribed

Neuroleptics or antipsychotics

Drugs in this group are intended for the correction of mental disorders of various origins and severity. They act directly on the human brain, therefore they affect the entire body. Neuroleptics have a peculiar calming effect, which is accompanied by a slowdown or complete removal of reactions to external stimuli, weakening of psychomotor agitation, and suppression of fear. These include the following drugs: Etaperazine, Triftazin, Teralen, Fluanxol, etc.

Many people suffering from phobias, including fear of escalators, begin to take tranquilizers, antidepressants and other drugs to slow down arousal and dull fear. This brings a little temporary relief and hope for a cure. But the problem remains. It has been clinically proven that after stopping taking medications, the phobia returns, and physical and psychological dependence on medications occurs, memory may deteriorate, depression and other side effects may occur. It must be remembered: drug treatment is prescribed and controlled only by a doctor. Do not self-medicate, it is dangerous to your health.

What is agoraphobia?

Agoraphobia is a state of increased anxiety that can be caused by:

the need to stay and move outside the home;
staying in public places and using public transport;
deserted open space (park, field, empty square, etc.);
places where large numbers of people gather (markets, shops, demonstrations);
the need for independent travel;
places that cannot be left unnoticed (a doctor’s or hairdresser’s chair, a theater or cinema hall).

These places are united by the fear of a judgmental reaction from people around them in the event of inappropriate behavior or a panic attack. The fear of panic reactions in public places increases internal tension, due to which ordinary fears acquire a phobic character. Panic attacks are associated not only with the assessment of others, but also with one’s own sense of self, the need to control the situation. For example, a person may fear freezing, being trapped, having a heart attack, being attacked, or experiencing other negative events that cannot be controlled outside the home. When fear is associated with social contacts, there may be not only an avoidance of large numbers of people around, but also close interaction in private. For example, even when receiving guests, a person with agoraphobia will avoid eye contact and fall into a confused state of panic if there is any. If the fear is more related to the terrain, it can be regulated by the distance limits where the person is comfortable. This could be the territory of your own apartment. It may also include neighboring stores - it all depends on the individual. In the most severe cases, a person is unable to leave his home, so he orders food and clothes on the Internet and limits contact with the outside world as much as possible.

Psychotherapy

Psychological help

Despite the fact that specialists use different methods of psychological assistance, in any case the interaction between the doctor and the patient is important. Initially, psychological assistance consists of carefully examining and talking through the problem, simulating situations that frighten the patient. The main thing at this stage is that the doctor will teach the patient how to behave correctly in a critical situation and cope with the consequences of panic. The psychologist develops recommendations that will help control emotions in unusual circumstances, individually for a particular patient. A person suffering from a phobia, after talking with a psychotherapist, will be able to behave adequately in a critical situation without succumbing to panic. These recommendations will help normalize a person’s life.

Rational psychotherapy

This technique is based on the formation of common sense and the development of logical thinking in the patient. To a person suffering from a phobia, the doctor explains the true causes of the disease. The specialist forms in the patient a correct understanding of the symptoms of a phobic disorder so that vegetative signals are not perceived as signs of a disease of the internal organs. A person realizes that dizziness, sudden darkening of the eyes, “sticky” palms, nausea, vomiting, difficulty breathing are the consequences of fear, and not symptoms of some disease. This is connected precisely with a specific object or situation that frightens him. If a person understands this, his anxiety decreases. As soon as he gets rid of the object of fear, the symptoms disappear.

Neurolinguistic programming

NLP involves three stages of treatment:

The doctor collects all the information about the symptoms, causes and course of the disease.
A goal is set for the patient, and it is clarified and explained what exactly the treatment will be aimed at.
After passing this stage, the patient evaluates the effectiveness of the work. If he is satisfied with the result, the treatment moves to the next stage. If not, the doctor and patient go back a step and adjust the goals and objectives of treatment.

The basis of NLP is hypnotherapy.

The main means is speech influence. The doctor and patient study in detail the prerequisites and causes of the phobia and determine the resources that will be needed to achieve a positive treatment result.

Hypnotherapy is an effective method

NLP allows you to quickly collect and analyze the necessary information about the patient. Some NLP techniques can eliminate anxiety-phobic disorder in just one or two sessions. But this issue is very controversial; many scientists consider the NLP method to be pseudoscientific.

Cognitive behavioral therapy

According to numerous studies, CBT ranks first in terms of effectiveness in treating phobias.

CBT is aimed at correcting a person’s actions, thoughts and emotions in problematic situations that are destructive and cause anxiety.

The main task of a psychotherapist is to identify erroneous thinking that needs to be corrected or completely changed. The doctor helps the patient formulate and accept the correct thoughts and behavior patterns in a critical situation.

The psychotherapist helps the patient to adequately assess what is happening and change his incorrect beliefs. The doctor teaches you to identify “wrong thoughts” that are the basis for the emergence of fear, and with the help of logic and analysis to resist them. The specialist forces the patient to turn his thoughts into a positive direction and look for the positives in the current situation.

The psychotherapist immerses the patient in a situation that causes pathological fear. But at first only in the imagination. The doctor and the patient analyze all possible ways out of the current non-standard situation and make the only right decision. With each session, the doctor complicates the task, asking the patient to get out on his own. When the patient can calmly react to frightening circumstances, the doctor suggests moving on to reality - taking a ride on a real escalator. In the presence of a doctor, the patient steps onto a moving escalator. Under the supervision of a specialist, these exercises are repeated until the patient calmly responds to the moving staircase.

This method is good because after completion of treatment, patients can independently cope with their fears in critical circumstances.

Hypnosis

This method is used infrequently, but it is found to be very effective.

Hypnosis was discovered in 1958. It is recognized as a safe method of treating phobias, because it works on a subconscious level. This is a very difficult process. The hypnologist relaxes the patient as much as possible by putting him in a trance state. During the session, the doctor evaluates the patient’s facial expressions, gestures, and phrases and, based on the observations received, analyzes and influences the subconscious. It neutralizes the true cause of panic fear, eliminates the “wall” created by the patient to avoid frightening situations, and bypasses psychological defense mechanisms.

When treating with hypnosis, the specialist often simulates a situation where the patient is confronted with the object of his fear and instills the correct attitude to resolve the problem.

Why do panic attacks happen on the subway?

The Metropolitan has a special atmosphere that is unusual for modern people. It is located deep underground, there are always a lot of people in it, trains make a loud noise, there is less oxygen, and there is no sunlight at all.

When descending into the “snow drift,” many people experience discomfort – and this is completely normal. After all, a person subconsciously understands that he is immersed in a limited, potentially life-threatening space.

Many people complain that they do not have enough air in the subway. Against the backdrop of stuffiness and low oxygen content in the air, a person with weak blood vessels may feel ill.

Those who have never been there before and find themselves in an unusual environment for the first time can experience real fear in the subway.

Yuri Mamin’s film “The Fountain” very clearly shows an episode of a short-term panic attack in a Kazakh elder who found himself in the Leningrad metro for the first time. This self-possessed, taciturn elderly man, accustomed to the harsh conditions of the steppe, as soon as he stepped onto the escalator going down, got scared, instantly became confused and, wailing in his native language, began to climb the receding stairs back up. Here the panic is associated with conditions that are unusual for a naive person far from urbanization.

It’s another matter when a sudden panic attack occurs in a person who previously calmly endured the subway. Moreover, the reaction is often triggered for no apparent reason and in different circumstances. A person can sit calmly in a carriage and suddenly begin to feel very bad.

A panic attack is an intense, uncontrollable attack of panic, severe anxiety, which is accompanied by physical and mental symptoms, and also affects the cognitive and behavioral level. In psychology and psychiatry, terms such as vegetative or sympatho-adrenal crisis, cardiac neurosis, crisis in vegetative-vascular (or neurocirculatory) dystonia are used to denote a panic attack. Panic attack is officially included in the ICD-10 list under code F41.0

Recently, panic attacks in the subway have become more frequent among the population, associated with repeated terrorist attacks that occurred during underground train movements.

However, typical PAs in VSD, neuroses and anxiety disorders are not associated with a real threat to health and life.

The reaction will look very strange to others and those who have never experienced panic attacks will not be able to understand the sufferer.

To understand the mechanism of fear, anxiety and a number of physiological symptoms, you need to know what causes an attack. PA is a consequence of the release of adrenaline, a stress hormone, by the adrenal glands. The body usually releases it in situations where the individual is in danger. Adrenaline mobilizes the body, turning off some processes and turning on others, the “fight or flight” response that our brain turns on in potentially dangerous situations.

We experience exactly the same sensations if we suddenly see an angry dog approaching us, find ourselves at gunpoint, or are attacked by robbers. But in such cases, we do not notice physical processes, since the danger is real and we turn all our attention to it, trying to escape.

But when a panic attack happens suddenly in a safe environment, you need to figure out why the brain suddenly decided that you needed to be saved and gave the command to the adrenal glands to release adrenaline.

These thoughts will sooner or later lead you to neurosis

There can be many reasons for a panic attack, let’s look at the main ones:

Diseases. The adrenal glands are regulated by the endocrine system. Any pathology in this area can cause PA. Most often these are diseases of the thyroid gland or the adrenal glands themselves. Attacks can be caused by certain diseases of the nervous system, brain, gastrointestinal tract, cardiovascular system, osteochondrosis, as well as hormonal imbalances, especially in women and adolescents.
Stress. Life in a big city is characterized by chronic stress at work and in the everyday atmosphere. Chronic stress accumulates in the body like an allergen, and at some point causes a response in the form of panic. In essence, it is a release of accumulated tension and a “cry” from the body to give it rest.
Psychological problems. Panic attacks on the subway can be triggered by both recent and old psychological trauma. Often their reasons lie in childhood. Conflict in personal relationships, loss of a loved one, inability to resolve certain difficulties, low self-esteem, suppression of one’s needs, financial collapse - there are many reasons, but they are all associated with mental stress. This, in turn, strains and weakens the nervous system that controls autonomic processes.
Wrong lifestyle . Today, most residents of large cities spend time in stuffy offices, walk very little, move little, and eat fast food and other unhealthy foods. Stagnant processes and poor-quality food cause disruptions in the body, which may well cause vegetative-vascular dystonia. And VSD, in turn, provokes panic attacks.

Experts also include hereditary factors, chemical poisoning, brain injuries, previous shocks, etc. as possible factors. If panic attacks in the subway are not caused by a disease, then we are talking about a psychogenic factor.

On a note!

The less time has passed since the onset and consolidation of panic attacks, the easier it is to “reveal” the problem that lies behind them. And the easier it is to cope with the attacks themselves. But even if a person lives with this for years and even decades, nothing is lost! Just don’t hope for too quick results, because what has been formed over many years cannot be changed in a short time.

Treatment of metrophobia

Fear of public places and the subway is treatable. Although medications can also be used, psychotherapy plays a critical role. Medicines rather improve the patient’s condition during a panic attack, relieve tachycardia and its other manifestations, but they do not eliminate the cause of the phobia.

Treatment of various phobias can be carried out using hypnosis, rational psychotherapy, neurolinguistic programming or other methods. But the most effective method for correcting psychological disorders such as fear of the subway and public places is cognitive behavioral therapy.

The essence of this technique is that a person independently, under the guidance of a psychotherapist, changes the direction of his thoughts. As a result of psychocorrection, the patient acquires skills that can help him independently cope with stressful situations in the future.

If you have a phobia, fear of the metro, treatment is also carried out using this technique. Our center’s specialists use medications only in extreme cases, and preference is given to only one remedy.